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  變色龍皮膚表面周期性排列的鳥嘌呤納米晶可以選擇性反射可見光，使皮膚呈現(xiàn)虹彩結構色。當遇到危險或刺激時，變色龍通過改變皮膚拉伸率調(diào)整顆粒間距，實現(xiàn)皮膚結構色從紅到藍的快速轉變，這種特殊的力致變色特性引起科研工作者廣泛關注。設計制備具有明亮結構色和高靈敏度的人工仿生變色龍皮膚已成為膠體領域和光物理學領域的研究熱點。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，變色龍皮膚中相鄰鳥嘌呤納米晶之間的距離(D_s-s)和折射率對比度(Δn)對力致色變性能和結構色飽和度具有關鍵作用。然而，目前已報道的仿生變色龍皮膚具有較小的D_s-s和Δn，導致材料性能存在靈敏度低，結構色弱、穩(wěn)定性差等問題。構建大D_s-s和Δn的非密堆積有序結構是制備高性能人工變色龍皮膚的前提，也是一項巨大挑戰(zhàn)。

圖 1 人工變色龍皮膚的仿生原理及合成示意圖

  廣東工業(yè)大學材能學院楊東朋副教授和黃少銘教授團隊受變色龍結構啟發(fā)，從構建非密堆積有序結構入手，基于SiO₂膠體顆粒在聚合物中非密堆積組裝，通過改變聚合物折射率和SiO₂濃度分別調(diào)控Δn和D_s-s的策略，成功制備出靈敏度高和結構色明亮的人工變色龍皮膚（力致色變膠體晶）。制備的人工變色龍皮膚具有優(yōu)異的力致變色性能，如波長調(diào)變范圍大(Δλ = 205 nm)、靈敏度高(3.7 nm/%)、響應速度快(2.2 nm/ms)、穩(wěn)定性好(>1年)和可逆性佳(>100次)等。由于具有高靈敏度，制備的力致色變膠體晶可以通過輸出不同結構色報告蚯蚓蠕動過程中皮膚應變的變化。

圖 2 人工變色龍皮膚用于自報告蚯蚓皮膚應變

  原文鏈接：https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsami.2c00561

  課題組近年相關工作：

  [1] Extremely sensitive mechanochromic photonic crystals with broad tuning range of photonic bandgap and fast responsive speed for high-resolution multicolor display applications, Chem. Eng. J., 2022, 132342.

  [2] Self-assembly of colloidal particles into amorphous photonic crystals, Mater. Adv., 2021, 6499 (Review).

  [3] Refractive-index-matching based encryption of photonic crystal prints with multi-stage and reconfigurable information, Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 2100789.

  [4] Rapid fabrication of alcohol responsive photonic prints with changeable color contrasts for anti-counterfeiting application, Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 2001905.   

  [5] Simple and efficient fabrication of multi-stage color-changeable photonic prints as anti-counterfeit labels, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2021, 590, 134.

  [6] Noniridescent structural color from enhanced electromagnetic resonances of particle aggregations and its applications for reconfigurable patterns, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2021,604, 178.

  [7] A new coding-decoding system through combining near-infrared photonic crystals and their spatial reflection spectra, J. Mater. Chem. C., 2021, 9, 4466.

  [8] Dual-modal invisible photonic crystal prints from photo/water responsive photonic crystals, Adv.Photonics Res., 2021, 2000197.

  [9] Photonic crystals with tunable lattice structures based on anisotropic metal-organic framework particles and their application in anticounterfeiting, Adv.Photonics Res., 2021, 2100246.

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